Water Well Facts & Definitions

Water Well Facts & Definitions

• Above Ground Pump: Pump is located above ground surface.
• Aquifer: A water reservoir containing water in recoverable quantity.
• Deep Well: Average depth of 150 feet; accesses water from a rock aquifer and prevents iron staining in most cases.
• Casing: A tubular retaining structure is installed in the borehole to maintain the well opening and prevent contamination.
• Constant Pressure System/Variable Frequency Drives: Constant pressure systems require a pump, a pressure tank and a pressure switch or sensor. The pressure sensor monitors a system's pressure and sends a signal to the pumps control panel. The controller then signals the pump to perform at a rate required to maintain optimal pressure and volume. The pressure setting may be adjusted at either the pressure sensor or motor controller depending on the system and should only be adjusted by a professional.
• Screen: A tubular retaining structure with openings that help prevent sand and other consolidated material from entering the well, while allowing sand free water to flow freely into the well; increases well life span and water quality.
• Grout: Mixture of cement and water that is placed between the bore hole and casing to prevent contamination.
• Pitless Adapter: Used only in 4 inch or larger wells; allows all water connections to be subsurface, eliminates freeze factor and the need for well covers.
• Pressure Tank: Holds water in reserve to maintain a designated pressure setting; provides adequate pump run time.
• Shallow Well: Average depth of 50 feet; accesses underground surface water.
• Static Water Level: Level at which water stands in a well when no water is being pumped
• Submersible Pump: Located underground in the well, normally at 60'-80' below surface.